2. Brief history of Artificial Intelligence
Most of us have a concept of artificial intelligence fueled by Hollywood movies. Exterminators, robots with existential crises and red and blue pills. In fact, AI has been in our imagination and in our laboratories since 1956, when a group of scientists initiated the “Artificial Intelligence” research project at Dartmouth College in the United States. The term was first coined there and, since then, we have witnessed a roller coaster of progress ("Wow! How does Amazon know I want this book?"), As well as frustrations ("this translation is completely wrong").
At the beginning of the project, the objective was that human intelligence could be described so accurately that a machine could simulate it. This concept was also known as "generic AI" and this was the idea that fueled the (amazing) fiction that would give us unlimited entertainment.
However, AI derived in specific fields. With the passage of time, science evolved into specific areas of knowledge, and it was then that AI began to generate significant results in our lives. It was a combination of image recognition, language processing, neural networks and automotive mechanics that made an autonomous vehicle possible. Sometimes, the market refers to this type of progress as "weak AI".
The following table shows some important events in the history of Artificial Intelligence.
Year --> Event
- 1842 --> Lovelace: programmable analytical machine
- 1950 --> Turing: the Turing test
- 1956 --> McCarthy, Minsky, Rochester and Shannon hold the first AI conference
- 1965 --> Weizenbaum: "ELIZA", the first specialist system
- 1993 --> Horswill: "Polly" (behavior-based robotics)
- 2005 --> TiVo: recommendation technology
- 2011 --> Apple, Google and Microsoft: mobile applications recommendations
- 2013 --> Miscellaneous: technological advances in machine learning and deep learning
- 2016 --> Google DeepMind: AlphaGo beats Lee Sedol in the game "Go"
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